What do chromosomes contain?

Chromosomes primarily contain genetic information in the form of DNA. Each chromosome is a long, continuous thread of DNA which encodes the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. The DNA in chromosomes is organized around proteins called histones, which help package the DNA into a compact, organized structure that fits within the cell nucleus. This structuring is crucial for the proper functioning of genes and for ensuring that genetic information is accurately replicated and distributed during cell division.

While chromosomes do associate with proteins (such as histones) to form their structure, the primary function of chromosomes is to carry and protect genetic information. Ribosomes are not contained within chromosomes; they are cellular structures that synthesize proteins based on the information provided by mRNA transcribed from DNA. Fatty acids are components of lipids and have no direct relationship with the structure or function of chromosomes. Thus, the answer focusing on genetic information (DNA) is correct as it highlights the fundamental role of chromosomes in heredity and cellular function.