In which layer of the skin does mitosis occur?

Mitosis occurs in the stratum germinativum, also known as the stratum basale, which is the deepest layer of the epidermis. This layer contains actively dividing cells that give rise to new skin cells. As these cells divide, they push older cells toward the surface, where they undergo a process of keratinization, ultimately forming the outer protective layers of the skin.

The stratum germinativum is specifically designed for growth and regeneration, making it essential for maintaining the integrity and health of the skin. Cells in this layer are typically more metabolically active compared to those in the outer layers, which is why mitosis is concentrated here. In contrast, the other layers, such as the stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, and stratum lucidum, consist of cells that are either dead or in advanced stages of differentiation, where mitosis does not occur. These layers primarily serve protective and structural functions rather than growth and regeneration.